This study presents a comparative analysis of the financial performance of selected public and private sector Banks in India. Given the crucial role of Banks in safeguarding public savings and supporting economic growth, assessing their performance is of significant importance to policymakers, investors, and customers. The analysis relies on secondary data and employs ratio analysis and the independent t-test to evaluate key financial indicators, namely Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return on Assets (ROA), and Return on Equity (ROE). The results indicate that private sector Banks consistently outperform public sector Banks in terms of profitability and asset utilisation. While the difference in return on equity between the two groups is statistically insignificant, private sector Banks demonstrate stronger performance in other ratios. These findings suggest that public sector Banks need to adopt efficient management practices, strengthen their financial strategies, and enhance customer-oriented services to remain competitive.