Green accounting, also known as environmental accounting, refers to the practice of including environmental costs and benefits in the financial reporting system of a company. In India, the concept is gaining increasing importance as businesses face growing pressure from regulators, investors, and society to be more transparent about their impact on the environment.

This paper examines how Indian companies are adopting green accounting practices, what regulatory frameworks are pushing them in this direction, and what challenges remain in making these practices widespread.

The study is based on secondary data collected from corporate sustainability reports, SEBI's Business Responsibility and Sustainability Reporting (BRSR) framework, NITI Aayog publications, NABARD reports, and peer-reviewed journals published between 2018 and 2025. The paper includes case studies of six leading Indian companies - Infosys, Wipro, ITC, Tata Steel, Hindustan Unilever, and Larsen & Toubro - to understand how green accounting is applied in practice.