Even though in recent decades there have beenrnsignificant changes in the position of women in employment, it has beenrnobserved internationally that women do not participate to a great extent inrndecision-making and in the high levels of the occupational hierarchy. Inrneducation, women are overrepresented at the lower levels whereas in positionsrnof administrative leadership and in positions higher up in the hierarchy theirrnrepresentation is far lower than that of men. The purpose of thisrnresearch is to study the phenomenon of underrepresentation of women inrnleadership positions in education in different countries, by pointing tornexisting research and presenting its results. Emphasis is placed on researchrnwhich is carried out in Greece and Cyprus.