Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) have emerged as an important mechanism for promoting financial inclusion, poverty alleviation, and women’s economic empowerment, particularly in developing economies. Access to microcredit and other financial services can enhance women’s entrepreneurial participation, financial decision-making, savings behaviour, and socio-economic well-being. In this context, the present study aims to systematically map the existing research on microfinance institutions and women entrepreneurship through bibliometric analysis. The study utilizes bibliographic data retrieved from the Scopus database covering publications from 2010 to 2026. A total of 168 documents related to microfinance and women entrepreneurship were examined using bibliometric techniques. VOSviewer and Bibliometrix were employed to analyse publication patterns, citation structures, prominent keywords, research linkages, and thematic clusters within the literature. The keyword co-occurrence analysis identifies major themes including microfinance, microcredit, women entrepreneurship, women empowerment, gender, financial inclusion, poverty alleviation, access to finance, and female entrepreneurship. The findings indicate that research in this field has increasingly focused on the relationship between access to microfinance and women’s empowerment, financial inclusion, entrepreneurial development, and poverty reduction. The study also identifies emerging and interconnected research themes, highlighting the multidisciplinary nature of the field. By mapping the intellectual structure and evolution of research on microfinance and women entrepreneurship, the study identifies existing research gaps and provides directions for future research. The findings may assist researchers, policymakers, financial institutions, and development agencies in understanding the evolving research landscape and in designing more inclusive financial and entrepreneurial interventions for women.